Literature Review 5 :Interactive Multimedia: An Alternative Context for Studying Works of Art by Nancy F. Cason

Post no.5
Literature Review 5

 Interactive Multimedia: An Alternative Context for Studying Works of Art by Nancy F. Cason

The objective of the research essay by the researcher is to analyse and evaluate the interactive technology influences and affect the user experience at such events. 
Learners can access information about the ability of interactive media creating great learning experience and memories which can use for critical analysis.

Interactive media as a media to enhance learning experience is always topic that been in discussed. Because of the experience that are provide from interactive media are much more stronger and memorable. Company and events are starting to place in interactive technology to enhance the experience of user while they are participating in an event.

Kearsley mention in Hypermedia in higher education that Interactive multimedia is being widely explored in colleges and universities across the country and is touted as "highly effective in terms of learning outcomes and student satisfaction" (1992, p. 107). With the variable sources/ kinds of interactive media, the effect and experience that student adapt is much more easier. Learning, instruction, and hypermedia. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, a vast number of artworks can be studied in interdisciplinary contexts enhanced by the simultaneous use of audio, text, animation, full-range color, full-motion video, and graphics. But more important for learning, Interactive Multimedia systems eliminate the linear or hierarchical sequencing of traditional text, permitting students to access and associate information in any order desired (Nelson
& Palumbo, 1992).  Another reason for its acceptance is that Interactive Media programs are designed to work the way people think. The literature is full of parallels between the representational architecture of IM programs and human memory (Borsook & Higginbotham-Wheat, 1992; Jones, 1990; Nelson & Palumbo, 1992). The technology is designed based user behaviour and provide better user interaction and experience. With the abilities of interactive media, different of experience is able create base on the audience or the information that are targeted. Interactive Multimedia programs can be of special benefit to learners facing complex or unfamiliar experiences, as is often the case in studying works of art, by suggesting ways in which new information can be associated with existing knowledge (Anderson, 1988). 

Interactive Media take big section in new media art, for example like the some if LEDs performance in China Beijing Olympics, although the interactive medium were used as a tool but the interaction that are create between the performer and the technology were drop in the category of performing art. Dunn (1996), for example, advocates Interactive Multimedia not only as an instrument for research, curriculum development, and assessment, but also as a tool for creating art. Gregory (1995) asserts that IM has the potential to radically change the way art is taught and students learn about art. Interactive media design is a course that are able to search in different university, with the term of new media art, history art can be transfer to a brand new artwork with the similar message but different kind of execution. 

References

Anderson, T. (1988). Beyond Einstein. In S. Ambron & K. Hooper (Eds.), Interactive multimedia: Visions of multimedia for developers, educators, & information providers (pp. 193-213). Redmond, WA: Microsoft

Borsook, T., & Higginbotham-Wheat, N. (1992, February). A psychology of hypermedia: A conceptual framework for R&D. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology, Washington, DC. 

Cason, N. (1998). Interactive Multimedia: An Alternative Context for Studying Works of Art. Studies in Art Education, 39(4), p.336.

Dunn, P. (1996). More power: Integrated interactive technology and art education. Art Education, 49(6), 6-11. 

Gregory, D. (1995). Art education reform and interactive integrated media. Art Education, 48(3), 6-16. 

Kearsley, G. (1992). Hypermedia in higher education: What, where and why? Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 1(1), 103-110. 

Nelson, W., & Palumbo, D. (1992). Learning, instruction, and hypermedia. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 1(3), 287-299.

Technology or Experience

Is was a hard time search for information about the information about my essay topic. Most of the information that are been share are mostly surface information about the technology of olympics opening ceremony.

During one the tutorial discussion with Daniel, i gather some interesting point of the discussion and refine my proposal and start go into some specific area that are connected to my topic. I start searching about event technology. That lead me the a awards event website call Event TECH. This year is the 4th time the event being organize, and the event is a celebration and selecting the best event technology company during the year. Event technology is basically, a company that provide high tech technology to enhance the experience in an event.

While scanning through the news and sharing i was able to get a link to this article in http://www.marketingwerks.com/ which discuss about How to Enhance the Consumer-Brand Interaction. In this article it highlighted 5 important areas. In the 5 areas, i found these 4 area is relevant to my topic about the experience and technology.

1) Foster higher engagements with emotional connections

Consumers are constantly on the lookout for brand gimmicks and tricks. They are less inclined to actively participate both onsite and digitally if they sense their consumer ROI isn’t there. It’s our job to create an experience that’s worthy of their engagement and then, once we have their attention, keep the conversation going.

Personalization is one way to evoke an emotional response from consumers. Coca-Cola, for the first time in a decade, saw an increase in sales thanks to their ‘Share a Coke’ campaign. If we look at how this translates to a branded experience, and more specifically to a photo or video interactive, we can help increase the ‘shareability’ and longevity of content. 

Understand the right emotional for an event and the emotion that the campaign need. The designer is able to use the technology to create the 'emotion' response for the customer which able to get attention, help create better experience and lastly able to let the user remember and talk about.

2) What came first, the experience or the tech

Often when tasked with creating a unique, engaging brand experience for clients, the newest technology and brightest bells and whistles take center stage. However, taking a step back and understanding the ask, and further, the behavior characteristics of participating consumers, one can zero in on the right technology.

By asking questions such as, “What are we looking to deliver to consumers, and what are we asking for in return?”, we’re able to quickly understand the technology needed to fit our needs.

Successful brand activations are the product of the experience taking center stage and the technologies involved become the tools to further achieve brand objectives. 

I do agree on this section, which is able to be argue and create a fun topic. But from a event management and designer perspective, experience and tech which come first is kind of important. Olympic opening ceremony is able to give some very good example. For example, people that attend or watch London Olympics opening ceremony, sure will be happy about 4 year one experience they have and base on the performance and also the narrative behind the performance they able to experience the event better. As point one had shown, with all the unique and engaging technology is able to enhance the experience better.

3) Digital innovation: a cohesive approach to the consumer experience

Digital innovation isn’t just about the newest technology; it comes when digital extensions come together to enhance the overall consumer experience and continue the brand conversation.

By being tactful in where and when to add a digital touch point we can control and increase the level of engagement. From a social perspective, a well-placed interaction can help drive impressions during and after the event.

Brands and marketers that find unique ways to bring the digital and physical experience together can create lasting connections with consumers. And more importantly, continue the conversation.

Is not about how cool or good the technology that you had, is how the way the you use the technology to enhance the experience. China and London had used LEDs light in the performance, but the interaction, technical and set up is different and both are able to provide incredible experience to the viewers/audience.

4) What is valued, shareable content?

The golden egg everyone’s always searching for is consumer-generated, brand-focused content. This type of content is highly shareable, and often, most trusted by consumers’ network of friends. So how do we provide the opportunity for content of this nature to be created?

In this year’s Keynote address, the authors of The Viral Video Manifesto, defined what about that content makes it shareable. Take the raw, unfiltered experience and show consumer reactions. The real human reaction, along with an experience that doesn’t seem forced or faked, drives the highest views and in turn, the most shares.

Looking at brand-created content, consider taking the same principles with a twist to show a new perspective. Capture ‘behind the scenes’ or b-roll footage during set up, break down, or unexpected times throughout an event. The most impactful footage allows unplanned moments to become shareable moments for the brand. Impactful content should humanize the brand, making consumers relate to the experience, which in turn helps to organically maximize the exposure.

The most impactful and valuable content and meaningful narrative is able to become a shareable content, which in turn helps to organically maximize the exposure.


5) Integrating social platforms for higher engagement

When it comes to events and experiential activations, brands and marketers constantly strive for higher and higher social engagement. Understanding how to prepare for an event, plan for social interactive, and create a seamless engagement platform onsite is key to making the most out of live activations.

Successfully integrating social requires a buy-in from the consumer and a platform allowing frictionless posting the moment of content creation. Lose the email and give consumers an opportunity to share immediately.

Social networking is the tool to share the experience and also allow the viewers to post the truth moment that they had experience. When sharing is easily and faster, it is able help to share the value info(point4) and create publicity and also allow more people to come join the event and had the great experience. 

By: Daniel Crowe, Senior Account Coordinator, Client Services

Marketing Werks, (2014). From Event Tech 2014: How to Enhance the Consumer-Brand Interaction. [online] Available at: http://www.marketingwerks.com/learning/thinking/from-event-tech-2014-how-to-enhance-the-consumer-brand-interaction/ [Accessed 8 Dec. 2014].

Literature Review: A Semiotic Analysis of How China Is Visually Translated at the Opening Ceremony of the 29th Summer Olympics by Ersu Ding

Post no.4
Literature Review 4

 A Semiotic Analysis of How China Is Visually Translated at the Opening Ceremony of the 29th Summer Olympics by Ersu Ding 

From the student understanding after reviewing this paper proposes to examine how China was presented at the opening ceremony of the 29th Olympic Games is base on the every important sequence that involved in the performance of the opening ceremony.

In paper analyse about how China olympics used technology and what are the reason of using the technology as a tool to present the narrative which is relevant to the final essay topic.

In the research journal, it highlight some point that discussed about The Glamor of High-tech, which generate interest to focus and see whether there are some connection to the final research.

"Another theme which characterized the opening ceremony of the 29th Summer Olympics was the organizers’ emphasis on high-tech. The point was largely missed or overlooked by the Western media because it was directed at the domestic audience who knew very well the importance of science and technology to its survival in the modern world .... The climax of the modernization-through-science theme came when, toward the end of the performance, three astronauts flew through the stadium. " (Ersu Ding, 2010) 

After analysed the finding, there is another aspect of what high-tech technology are so important in some event. In the perspective of China organization is to show the 5000 year civilization of China with the glamor high-tech. In the modern world, is redundant for everyone to view technology as a part of their lifestyle. But from the research of the journal it only provided the meaning behind some of the performance. For example China will like to show their evolution of science and technology compare to during time of Opium War 1840. Beside that, in research sharing that the three astronauts flew through the stadium, is to refer to China had successfully sent three man to space early the year and also to show that continue its modernization drive and endeavors to become a global leader in science and technology. 

This article had shown another aspect of viewing the technology that were used in the olympics opening ceremony. In event culture, people always used the technology to give the audience a fresh idea to create curiosity about the technology, then the audience will look into the function and how to interact with them. People will always think that technology is tool help people. The technology that are invent is a way of civilization of an country and also using the technology to showcase the growth and the evolution of the country. This also can tight back with all the event companies. In the student's final year project blog discussed that malaysia event's idea had been maintain in the same old concept which will affect the growth of event company. By using new technology to upgrade the event structure and experience had helped the event company growth also show that the evolution of a company.

There are more information been share about the meaning of the performance which is weak to support to the final essay research. Finding of this article is mainly focus about the narrative and meaning behind the the performance and the hidden message of the performance. The objective of the research essay is to Analyse and evaluate the interactive technology influences and affect the user experience at Olympics opening ceremony. 

To end this literature review, the is a quotes from Dictionary of the History of Ideas which explain that technology had unlimited power and is because of the skill and hardwork of a person and expertise to make it happen. The greater the invention, the greater potential rewards are.

Now, technology has become a complex but consciously directed group of social activities involving a wide range of skills, exemplified by scientific research, managerial expertise, and practical and inventive abilities. The powers of technology appear to be unlimited. If some of the dangers may be great, the potential rewards are greater still. This is not simply a matter of material benefits for, as we have seen, major changes in thought have, in the past, occurred as consequences of technological advances. - D. S. L. CARDWELL, Concluding paragraph of "Technology," in Dictionary of the History of Ideas, 1973.

References

Ding, E. (2014). Emaciated Chineseness - A Semiotic Analysis of How China Is Visually Translated at the Opening Ceremony of the 29th Summer Olympics. 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: http://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ass/article/view/5971 [Accessed 7 Dec. 2014].

Wiener, P. (1973). Dictionary of the history of ideas. New York: Scribner.

2008 China Olympic Open Ceremony - The LED scroll

Base on literature review no .3, i further research the immersive and interactive technology in London Olympics.

I think if everyone who watched the 2008 China Olympic Opening Ceremony, you guys sure will notice the giant LED Scroll that are use to present China History and as a tool to enhance or interact with the performers.

This awesome technology was designed or created by the Leyard, a professional LED display screen manufacturer and supplier based in China.

At the beginning of the ceremony, the led scroll rolled into the venue, and then slowly opened up like an ancient Chinese painting scroll, showing Chinese calligraphy, Chinese paintings, Chinese characters and Chinese expeditions.

I find some cool information or spec about the led scroll:

• The LED screen at the center of the ground, which unrolled to represent a huge scroll detailing China's 5,000-year civilization, measured 482 feet by 72 feet wide and contained a whopping 44,000 LED beads with a distance of 600 millimeters between each two.

• Technical monitoring systems were employed to keep track of over 18,000 performers through identification codes, a first for any Olympics.

As you can see the bird is by the 18000 human wearing a led costume which technically connect to the monitoring system which allow the technician to adjust the light.

Throughout the show we might see some glitch of some led line basically is the delay or noise interrupting the code.

This is a very innovative and immersive technology that been developed to present the 5000 year of civilization of china. Although the interactive part between audience at the performance is just inspired and excited by visualizing, but in the situation the performer is the one that are able to interact with the technology.

 The scroll and a "globe" made of aluminum alloy rose from elevating platforms, and performers walked, head stood did all stunts on nine tracks of the "globe".

Performances information that i gather that used the LED scroll:

"Throughout the performances, high technology went hand in glove with traditional Chinese culture: performance of the movable type printing, one of the four great inventions of ancient China, took an image of both ancient Chinese character case and modern computer keyboard; fairies fell from the sky, costumes glowing with light, to represent "Apsaras", an image in the mural paintings of Mogao Grottoes of Dunhuang in northwest China's Gansu Province."

After gathering all the information about the key impressive technology from London and China opening ceremony, i will analysis some of the history changing opening ceremony in the previous year then i will be analysis the technology they are using that time, Then i will be comparing on the evolution of technology and how they solve the problem.

References

Chow, E. (2014). A Glimpse At the Tech Behind the Beijing Olympics Opening Ceremonies. [online] Gizmodo. Available at: http://gizmodo.com/5035091/a-glimpse-at-the-tech-behind-the-beijing-olympics-opening-ceremonies [Accessed 4 Dec. 2014].

News.xinhuanet.com, (2014). Feature: Beijing conjures Olympic opening epic with high technology_English_Xinhua. [online] Available at: http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-08/09/content_9067144.htm [Accessed 4 Dec. 2014].

Worldrecordacademy.com, (2014). Most spectacular opening ceremony-Beijing sets world record. [online] Available at: http://www.worldrecordacademy.com/sports/most_spectacular_opening_ceremony-Beijing_sets_world_record_80347.htm [Accessed 4 Dec. 2014].

London Olympic Interactive Technology : Barco LiveDots

Base on literature review no .3, i had get some hints on researching on which so i started on search the immersive and interactive technology in London Olympics.

In the London 2012 Olympic opening ceremonies you may have noticed the audience was part of the show and the reason is each of the 70, 799 seats in the stadium for the ceremony was mounted a LED panel. 

This is how the led panel look like.

and when all 70, 799 of them light up will be like what you see in the image.

All together the panels created an LED screen with 637,191 pixels! To put that number in perspective your home HDTV showing a Blu-Ray movie uses over 2 million pixels.

The technology and idea solution is designed by Barco LiveDots and Tait Technologies. These two companies had been involved in provide and creating the technology for olympics for the past few years and i lucky enough to able to find some of the useful source about the technology they created.

Before i start to put in some of my personal thought about the interactivity of the technology and come personal i will like to share what do the creator think when they are creating this huge piece of art.

In the video, we are able to collect some information from the designer, which notes that the small pixel is able help on create the narration and also make the audience/crowds feel like they are apart of the show.

The creative director, Will Case at Crystal CD said, “The audience literally became part of the the action.” 

When i was watching the video i thought that the crowds are the one the control the led light to create enhance the narrative of the story and performance during the opening ceremony. And i am still very impress by the technology.

Although the crowd is not really interacting with the led light. But let put some of my personal thought and condition, if there is just the LED light panel without the crowd will the effect be so amazing. For my opinion i think it will end up just like a normal huge giant led screen. There is a reason why the designer want to put the LED panel in between of every seat. base on my personal opinion by placing the led panel in between of every seat is able to create an illusion like the crowds are controlling/interacting with the light and it some how feel like the card turning backdrop (the human LED screen video below) where the crowd is really interactive with the card. 

The are a lot of different kind of interaction by using all different type of human senses and visual is and participating in the opening ceremony is considering as a kind of interaction.

Focusing on the Technology

But now let me use some learned theories in contextual study to analyse this awesome piece of art/technology. When come to analysis an object, semiotics is one of the best theory to make thing even clearer. 

Denotation: LED Light Panel, Pixel,  a lot of tiny light bulbs.

Connotation: A Giant Screen, World largest display, a tool to enhance the performance, A narrative story.

Myth: An evolution of card-turning backdrop.

This is what i means card turning backdrop

Denotation sign when

Signified:Led Panel Giant screen 

Signifier: the signal that are send to led from the console 

connotation sign when

Signified : is the narrative of the story 

Signifier: Led Panel Giant screen

After analysing the led panel it remind me one of the the theory that i highlight in my literature review from Inventing the medium by Janet H. Murray. In the book there is a chapter mentioning Design as Framing and Reframing. Explain in more simple way, we all how toaster are been invented/designed by framing out some of the problem, like how to mass it less , easier to get the toast out , more and bigger slots, a designer brand toaster, we are able to refine it into a better toaster.

This theory is able to assign to the led panel. The led panel will be the all the turning card. And understand framing out the problem like turning card need more human power and to have perfect team work and practice to make it sync perfectly. Then refine by inventing a new medium to solve the problem and provide better solution and also more possibilities. 

References

barco.com, (2014). Barco LiveDots wows the world during London Olympics 2012. [online] Available at: http://www.barco.com/~/media/Downloads/Application%20Notes/2013/Olympics%20case%20story%20pdf.pdf [Accessed 3 Dec. 2014].

CG, C. (2012). Olympic Opening Ceremony - London 2012. [online] Vimeo. Available at: http://vimeo.com/46687821 [Accessed 3 Dec. 2014].

Design27.com, (2014). London Lights Up the Olympic 2012 Opening Ceremony | Design 27. [online] Available at: http://www.design27.com/london-lights-up-the-olympic-2012-opening-ceremony/ [Accessed 3 Dec. 2014].

Mail Online, (2011). North Korea’s amazing mass games performed by over 100,000 people seen up close for the first time. [online] Available at: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2066807/North-Koreas-mass-games-performed-100k-people-pictured-close-time.html [Accessed 3 Dec. 2014].

Murray, J. (2012). Inventing the medium. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.

TripleWide Media, (2012). Technology behind London Olympics Opening Ceremonies. [online] Available at: http://www.triplewidemedia.com/2012/07/the-technology-behind-the-london-olympics-opening-ceremonies/ [Accessed 3 Dec. 2014].

Uvm.edu, (2014). Definitions of Semiotic Terms. [online] Available at: http://www.uvm.edu/~tstreete/semiotics_and_ads/terminology.html [Accessed 3 Dec. 2014].

YouTube, (2014). The human "LED" screen @ Arirang Mass Games North Korea. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kmxTy5L7Rc [Accessed 3 Dec. 2014].

Ethical Concerns

Base research essay proposal had stated that most of his research will base on online journal, article and interview of the professional rather of gathering information from literature or book written by expert.

Interactive media is still currently a new topic, published books base on interactive media is slightly lesser in the market. Because the objective of the research is focus on the technology in Olympics Opening Ceremony or Large scale events. 

In the essay, some mixtures of theories will be apply in the essay and also research stage. Research ethical concern and legislation need to be clear while doing the research, data collecting and analysis.

Ethic Concern in UH Student Handbook highlighted 
"If the work you undertake as part of your studies in the School of Creative Arts involves the participation of others, you will need to get the approval of the Faculty Ethics Committee (UH) by completing an Application for Ethics Approval. The Ethics committee is here to help protect you and others involved in your work. The Application for Approval is designed to ensure that anyone who is involved in any aspect of your studies is protected from harm or distress your work might cause and that you have designed your project in such a way to ensure that participants are aware of what you are doing, why you are doing it, and they have given informed consent that they are willing to participate. In your application, you are also required to give assurances about how you will collect and store information and what precautions you have taken to keep that data secure, either password protected or locked securely away. You will also be required to declare that you will not disclose that data or any other information.

Base on the student handbook ethical concern is main focus on to consider the well being of others in the project. And if there is involvement of others student need to get approval from the school. Different group of people, the ethical concern level will also be effect. To do this is to protect the people privacy and to qualified the informations and statement. 
To practice Ethical Research, one of the important keys is to ensure high quality research that related to their topic. Plagiarism and fraud are not allowed to found in the essay. Make sure that research and sources must be credited with Harvard referencing. 


For this research essay, it is drop under the category of minimal ethical issue, which means didn't work with other individual or organisations. If there are any participation of people or organize, formal approval must be assigned from the academic. Any failure will be assigned as academic misconducts which will cause the research invalid.

In the essay research, secondary sources which are valid online journal, interview, book, and valid news article to support the theory of the essay. All research will be cited with harvard references to show clean support and prevent plagiarism.


University of California, Berkeley provide a list of document about ethical issues during research. In Ethical Issues in Undergraduate Research Activities with Human Participants it explained it is important for student to minimising the risk while doing research. In this article it provide the some requirement for student to understand the areas that need to be concern while or before conducting a research. Undergraduate need to know that any of the risk may affect the result of the research.

"1) Minimising the risks of research
” As defined in the federal regulations, “minimal risk” means that participants will encounter no harms or discomforts greater than those that are a normal part of their daily lives. 

2. Protecting individuals who are members of a vulnerable group
Fully informed consent may not be possible for them because the consequences of their research participation are unpredictable.

3. Ensuring that research subjects’ participation is informed and voluntary
Include an informed consent process that include the detail of the researcher and description of the area of research,  the risk or discomfort in the research, explains any potential benefits to the participant, the community, and/or scientific knowledge; and provides contact information for the researcher(s). Basically a form of agreement between researcher and participants." (University of California, Berkeley)


Research Ethical
1. Limited Quantity sources.
Due to it is slightly a new topic and there very less legit and quality information found either on print or even on net. The focus area of the research will be in event and olympics event and he might need to use the articles and finding from the event and olympics association and use the theory of expert to identify the sources to check whether the source is valid or useful. These information that be found maybe bias, so the writer will try avoid this to happen by getting more expert and sources to prove the statement that he selected.

Personal Study Ethical
1. Personal Study Hours 
This is one of the ethical concern of student as well. Is important to be responsible on organizing their work and their time for research and finding. The researcher is late behind the schedules and before that he didn't set up a schedule to follow up on his work. In this case, the student decide to come up a schedule to make sure you can complete the essay and ensuring the essay will be in the best quality in the end of the day.

2. Writing skills, Harvard referencing and plagiarism  
Base pass assignment result, the researcher realise that his writing skills is slightly weaker compare to his classmate. During the discussion with lecturer, the lecturer mention that is it good to come out draft and send for check in the english department. With that also able to check the referencing method and prevent from plagiarism.

References

Ethical Issues in Undergraduate Research Activities with Human Participants. (2014). 1st ed. [ebook] University of California, Berkeley. Available at: http://cphs.berkeley.edu/ethical_undergrad_research.pdf [Accessed 10 Dec. 2014].

Literature Review : On New Media Art, Its Development and Achievements in China by Liu Guangyu and Li Qingben

Post no.3
Literature Review -3

 On New Media Art, Its Development and Achievements in China by Liu Guangyu 

This is an online research journal was found during the research on immersive and interactive technology in olympic events. In this articles, the authors of the journal is focus studying the development path of new media  in China large scale events which are 2008 Beijing Olympics and also the Shanghai world expo. This finding of journal had some similarity of point with final essay, and there are some of the important sources that are able to help and support in final essay.

This research journal explain on the history and evolution of new media then only explain on the artistic achievements of new media on Beijing olympics which is the area that is interesting but the aimed of the research is just introduce the development status of the new media art in China.

In 3.3 Artistic achievement exhibited by new media on Beijing Olympics, it was divided into three focus area to study the effect of new media achieved.

"Picture Scroll is another interactive work finished by designer and audience, together. The 76-meter-long drawing paper with a diameter of 2m is a piece of true paper, indeed, which is merely offered with special handling to carry storage battery and will open and close automatically. As one mainline of the opening ceremony, Picture Scroll runs throughout the opening ceremony. First of all, a dancer sketches out an ink painting. Then, kids paint it with color pigments. At last, athletes from 205 countries and regions all over the world “step out”, signifying the perfect integration of China into the world." (Liu Guangyu , 2014)

This section of the journal article discuss about the interactive art and media of the opening ceremony in Beijing Olympics. The first interactive art is a piece of art that gather smiley face of the global participation through network media. Picture scroll is the next interactive art that are been analysed, in this journal is was describe as a performing platform.

"Thanks to the up-to-date characteristic of new media forms, the multi-frequency light emitting images formed by the pottery matrix extends not only the visual tension of audience, but also spatiality of installations. The visual and auditory experience of audience on the scene outreaches the preliminary expectation of the creation team. More extensive association is achieved from the performance. Such value-added association fulfills the true significance of installation art and embodies the special properties of installations in new media art." (Liu Guangyu , 2014)

This section of the journal article discuss about the effect of immersive devices of the opening ceremony in Beijing Olympics. The author describe how the LED was being trigger in the performance, then they describe briefly of the impact of how designer use the technology as a new media forms. The author analysed that by using the technology is able to extends all senses of the audience and allow the audience had greater experience which associated to fulfills the true significance of installation art.

The aim of the journal is to research on development of new media art in china so the finding of the results that student are able to research is China had start to involve or practise the new media art in different kind of events.

The informations in this journal were focused too surface, which mean the informations that are include in the journal are able to collect from the the open ceremony video or some analysis website. In the article, the author had highlight the the effect of new media, but after reviewing the content,it is basically description of the technology and the way of the technology are been use in the performance of China Beijing Olympics. Although, these point provide have solid research sources for citation in final essay but it is most helpful provide new areas to continue research on more informations. 

References

Guangyu, L. (2014),On New Media Art Its Development and Achievements in China, Icono 14, volumen (12), pp.168-180.